Human Capital Multidisciplinary Research Center

1.1.4 Psychology of Social and Economic Inequality

Elena Agadullina
Project Leader (2020-2022)

Irina Prusova
Project Leader (2023-2025)

Project period

2020-2025

Context of Research Project within a Subject of Human Capital

Inequality plays a significant role in the formation and growth of human capital. The study of social and economic inequality, as well as ways to reduce them, is an important direction for the sustainable development of Russia in the era of global social, economic and political changes.

Theoretical and applied results obtained within the framework of the scientific project Psychology of Social and Economic Inequality will contribute to increasing the possibility of an effective response of the Russian society to the challenges associated with the interaction of people and social institutions. Reducing the level of social and economic inequality contributes to a number of positive processes for the development of human potential, including solving the problem of the shortage of highly qualified employees, stimulating the creation of innovative enterprises and startups, increasing the participation of the older generation in social life. In addition, the decrease in the level of social and economic inequality is closely related to the fall in the number of cases of domestic violence, ethnic or religious violence and work conflicts.

Project Aim

Studying subjective (psychological) factors of perception and maintenance of social inequality and their role in a wide range of social behavior

Project Objectives:

  1. Analyzing subjective (psychological) factors of perception and maintenance of inequality, comparison of their contribution to the perception and maintenance of inequality
  2. Developing an effective tool for measuring perceived inequality
  3. Assessing the contribution of subjective (psychological) factors of perception and maintenance to various forms of collective behavior, as well as to the willingness to justify and/or demonstrate violence at the interpersonal and intergroup levels
  4. Creating a model of interaction between objective and subjective (psychological) factors of perception and maintenance of the role of this interaction in social behavior

Key Findings

2020

It has been studied how the theory of justification of the system explains the rationalization of the existing status quo in the field of inequality, the factors of justification of the system within which the existing social inequality was formed have been highlighted.

2021

A theoretical analysis of the role of psychological factors in justifying and maintaining gender inequality in society has been carried out. Methods of assessing perceived inequality have been classified, recommendations for conducting social research aimed at studying the perception of inequality have been developed.

2022

The contribution of subjective (psychological) factors of perception and maintenance of inequality to various forms of collective behavior has been studied: it has been revealed that the justification of the system, which contributes to the maintenance and legitimization of the existing level of inequality, makes a significant contribution to social cohesion at the micro level (relations between individuals), meso-level (relations between individuals and groups) and macro level (the relationship between individuals and social institutions).

An empirical model for assessing the contribution of system justification to social cohesion

 

2023

An integrative theoretical model of prosocial collective activity

Predictors of various forms of prosocial collective activity have been studied in relation to people with physical disabilities, mental disorders, alcohol and drug addictions, the unemployed, men affected by domestic violence and migrants. The results of the structural equation modeling analysis demonstrated that prosocial identity makes the greatest contribution to supporting various forms of prosocial collective activity, both directly and indirectly through the assessment of personal and collective effectiveness, personal responsibility to change the situation. At the same time, an affective reaction to perceived injustice is the weakest predictor of prosocial collective activity. Legitimization of the system of social relations reduces the willingness to sign petitions to help socially vulnerable groups that pose a threat to the existing system of social relations, but at the same time there is an indirect positive effect on the willingness to help those groups that do not pose a threat – through perceived personal/collective effectiveness, and personal responsibility for changing the situation.

An integrative model of prosocial collective activity

Educational Programs

Study Course Psychology of Social Inequality

Publication

  1. Agadullina E. et al. (2022)  Ambivalent sexism and violence toward women: A meta-analysis //European Journal of Social Psychology. – 2022. – Т. 52. – №. 5-6. – P. 819-859. doi 
  2. Agadullina E. Measuring perceived economic inequality: systematization of methods. // Research digest #9 (14). – 2022.
  3. Agadullina E., Lavelina D., Tatarenko M. Measuring perceived economic inequality: a comparison of methods //Psychological research. – 2023. – T. 16. – №. 90. – P. 5-5. doi

Conferences

International Scientific Conference Ananyev Readings (RU) (Saint-Petersburg, Russia, October 19-22, 2021): Agadullina E. The Ordinariness of Inequality: Why Don't People Support Egalitarianism? (10/21/2021)

International Conference on Inequality and Diversity (Saint-Petersburg, Russia, November 11-13, 2021): Agadullina E., Lovakov A. Sexism with Violence: Results of Meta-Analysis (11/13/2021)

XV Congress of Anthropologists and Ethnologists of Russia (St. Petersburg, Russia, June 26-30, 2023):

- Roundtable "Human potential, Social Sustainability and Cultural diversity in the context of global challenges" by the Higher School of Economics and the IEA RAS. Shulgin P.M., Shtele O.E. Ethnoecological territories in the structure of the cultural framework of the region (28/06/2023).