1.1.5 Dynamics of Values and Attitudes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Comparative Perspective
Boris Sokolov
Project Leader
Project period
2020-2025
Context of Research Project within a Subject of Human Capital
Human potential, in addition to knowledge and skills, also includes motivation, ideological and behavioral characteristics of individuals that affect their effectiveness as an employee, as well as their value orientations.
The fundamental values that set normative patterns for societies are changing slowly, but steadily: the richer and safer modern nations are, the more tolerant and liberal the views and attitudes of their citizens become. Moreover, it is believed that individual values are developed in the process of socialization in the early period of life of individuals and then remain relatively stable over the lifecourse. However, it is still not clear to what extent values are resistant to negative economic and social changes that transform the everyday life.
The research project The Dynamics of Values and Attitudes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Comparative Perspective studies how external shocks (e.g., the COVID-19 pandemic), causing short-term but severe deterioration in the quality of life, affect the stability of values and attitudes. Do they remain at the same level, or is there a rollback to more conservative views? And if so, how long-lasting are the consequences?
Project Aim
Studying political and social effects of the current COVID-19 pandemic with a special focus on the impact of the pandemic on the fundamental values of the Russian population in comparison with similar effects observed in other European and Asian countries
Project Objectives:
- Studying the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the accompanying deterioration of economic conditions on the fundamental values of people in a comparative perspective.
- Examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic experience on people's attitudes to government and the level of institutional trust
- Exploring how the COVID-19 pandemic affected subjective well-being of Russians
- Examining how the direct personal experience of encountering coronavirus influences individual values and attitudes to government.
Key Findings
2020
We have documented how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the attitudes of the Russian population on a wide range of issues, including value orientations l (Inglehart and Welzel’s post-materialistic and emancipative values and Schwartz’s basic values), as well as political support, generalized and institutional trust, subjective well-being, what people think about the pandemic itself and the governmental response to it, etc.
2021
We have identified the key determinants of institutional trust in Russia and also revealed the factors affecting individual assessments of governmental responses to the coronavirus crisis. Then, we have documented the differences between COVID-skeptics and the rest of the Russian population in their socio-demographic characteristics, personality traits, values and ideological attitudes.. Finally, using data from Germany and the UK, we established the role of personal values in the complicated relation between anxiety about the coronavirus pandemic and support for ethnic diversity.
2022
Changes in correlation between the COVID-19 pandemic, concern about its consequences and political support in Russia have been identified. The dynamics of COVID-skeptics number among the population as a whole and in certain socio-demographic groups has been studied; in addition, socio-demographic characteristics of COVID-skeptics have been determined. Gender and age differences in the level of anxiety and depressive symptoms were established, as well as the presence of a link between the level of anxiety and a negative experience of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The level of institutional trust among "former" and "new" COVID - skeptics between the two waves of the «Values in Crisis survey» (2020 and 2021)
2023
According to the results of data analysis of the third (November - December 2021) and fourth (July - September 2022) waves of the longitudinal survey "Values in Crisis" , it was found that in the late stages of the coronavirus pandemic in Russia, people with a high level of national pride expressed a positive attitude towards vaccination more often: the more proud a person is, that he is a Russian, the higher the probability that he is ready to get (or has already done) the COVID-19 vaccine and believes that it should be given to as many people as possible.
This indicates that national pride is an important factor contributing to a responsible attitude to health, however, the CVC data suggest that both of these indicators, in turn, depend on the individual level of institutional trust.
National pride and attitude towards vaccination against COVID-19
Publications
- B. Sokolov, M. Zavadskaya, N. Soboleva, M. Ukhvatov, A. Shirokanova, A. Scherbak. Values in Crisis: the Sociology of the Coronavirus (RU), NCMU Scientific Digest, Issue No. 2. 2021
- Korsunova V., Sokolov B. Value Attitudes of Russians: Comparing the Results of Online and Offline Surveys // Monitoring Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes. 2022. No. 3. pp. 4-27. doi
- Soboleva N., Sokolov B. Changing the Status on the Labor Market During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Subjective Well-being of Russians // Economic issues. 2021. No. 12. pp. 139-153. doi
- Sokolov B., Zavadskaya M. Socio-demographic Features, Personality Traits, Values and Attitudes of Covid-skeptics in Russia // Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes. 2021. No. 6. pp. 410-435. doi
- Scherbak A., Ukhvatova M. (2022) The Symphony is Over? The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Russian Orthodox Church–State Relations //Problems of post-communism. – 2022. – Т. 69. – №. 1. – P. 58-70. doi
- Sokolov B.O., Zavadskaya M.A., Chmel K.Sh. The dynamic of political support in Russia during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from ‘the Values in Crisis’ survey data analysis. // Political science.- 2022.-№2.-P.122–143. doi
- Korsunova, V.I., Sokolov, B.O. Support for Emancipative Values in Russia during the COVID-19 // Pandemic Sociological Journal.-2023.–T.2. -P.8 –24. doi
- Palkina A. V., Soboleva N. E. (2023) Gender Differences in Anxiety and Depression during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Russia. // Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes. – 2023. -№ 4. - P.54–78. doi
- Sokolov B.O., Zavadskaya M.A. Individual experience of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and political support in Russia (based on the materials of the Values in Crisis survey) // The policy. Political research. - 2023. -№ 4. -P.152-167. doi
- Afanasyeva Y., Sokolov B., Shirokanova A. Variability of covid-skeptical attitudes in Russia: results of the analysis of two waves of the longitudinal survey "Values in crisis //Monitoring public opinion: economic and social changes. – 2024. – №. 2 (180). – P. 53-77. doi
Empirical data bases
Database Values in Crisis (RU) (Values in Crisis-International), 2020-2021
RIA
Ponarin E., Sokolov B., Klimova A. Database Values in Crisis (RU) (data on the Russian sample) 2021 (Values in Crisis-International). Certificate of registration 2021622861, 09.12.2021.
Sokolov B.O. Database "Values in Crisis – International/Values in crisis (data on the Russian sample) 2021 – autumn". Certificate of registration 2023620890 03/15/2023.
Sokolov B.O. Database "Values in Crisis – International/Values in crisis (data on the Russian sample) 2022". Certificate of registration 2023621392 05/03/2023.
Korsunova V.I., Sokolov B.O. Database "Values in Crisis-International/Values in crisis (data on the Russian sample) 2020-2022". Certificate of registration 2024621301 03/27/2024.
Conferences
Conference Anxious Society and (In-)Abilities of Solidarity (RU) (St. Petersburg, Russia, April 15-16, 2022): Section 5D. (RU) The Impact of the Pandemic on Russian Society: Data Analysis of Three Waves of the Values in Crisis survey (04/16/2022)
XXII Yasin (April) International Academic Conference on Economic and Social Development (Moscow, Russia, April 4-22, 2021): The eleventh international workshop Recent achievements in comparative studies of values (04/07/2022)
XXII Yasin (April) International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social Development (Moscow, Russia, April 4-22, 2021):
-The tenth International Workshop "Covid-19 Pandemic: Social and Political Effects" (19/04/2021)
XXIII Yasin (April) International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social Development (Moscow, Russia, April 5-22, 2022):
-The eleventh International workshop "Recent developments in comparative Value research" (07/04/2022)
XXIV Yasin (April) International Academic Conference on Economic and Social Development (Moscow, Russia, April 4-14, 2023):
- The twelfth international workshop "Recent achievements in comparative Value research": session "Cultural Change and the COVID-19 Pandemic (Values in Crisis project)" within the framework of the program (10/04/2023)